The Horse of Course

About 5,300 years ago, nomadic herders called the Yamnaya used oxen-drawn carts to journey from the steppes for far eastern Europe (present-day Ukraine and western Russia) westward across Europe to Britain and eastward to India. As they traded, they carried with them the seeds of the Indo-European languages spoken by billions of people around the world today. - David Reich

Around 1,800 BCE, the domesticated horse was newly introduced to the Indus Valley and their ancient civilization was collapsing. Trade with Mesopotamia in modern Iraq had ended. Meanwhile the Mitanni were migrating to Turkey, Syria and Palestine. They brought with them a new larger species of horse, more suitable for the war-chariot, a new method for horse training, and a perfected form of the chariot.



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